Assessment of Garlic Cultivars on the Basis of Genetic Variability and Heritability

Abstract

The study on seven cultivars of garlic (Allium sativum L.) was conducted on experimental field during rabi season 2021-2022 at Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab with the objective to study the genetic variability for different characters in available genotype and to work out heritability and genetic advance in per cent of mean. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The single plot size was 2.1*2.1m (4.41m 2) with the distance of 15 cm row to row and 7.5 cm plant to plant. Results reveal that the mean square of genotypes were highly significant for all the traits. On the basis of mean performance Chinese garlic was found to be best performing cultivar among others with highest yield per plot (21.10 kg), leaf width (2.6 cm), pseudo stem diameter (21.47 mm), bulb length (6.26 cm), bulb diameter (5.34 cm), bulb weight (52.33 g), plant weight (71.17 g), clove diameter (2.15 cm), clove weight (5.23 g), clove length (2.26 cm), Avg. weight of 10 cloves (27.80 g), Avg. weight of fresh cloves (21.00), Avg. weight of dry cloves (10.83 g) and days to maturity (170). High to moderate heritability couple with high value of genetic advance was recorded for days to maturity, plant weight, plant height and leaf length. The maximum magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was estimated for avg. weight of dry cloves (gm) which suggest that these traits can contribute to a selection programme and can also enhance through direct selection.