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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Assessment of Drone-and Robotic-based Herbicide Application on Soil Enzymatic Activity under Different Plant Densities in Cotton

Gaini Sairam, M. Malla Reddy, K. Sridhar, D. Vijaya Lakshmi, P.C. Latha, B. Padmaja

Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 725–733 · Published 22 Jan 2026

10.9734/jabb/2026/v29i13571

Abstract

The present study was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Palem, Nagarkurnool, Professor Jayashankar Telangana Agricultural University, Telangana, India during kharif 2023 and 2024 to evaluate plant density and weed management methods influence on soil enzymes activity. High density planting, recorded significantly higher soil enzyme activities (urease, dehydrogenase, phosphatase and β glucosidase activity) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS except at harvest compared to normal planting. Robotic mechanical intercultivation which was on par with weed free recoded significantly higher soil enzymes activity (urease, dehydrogenase and β glucosidase) compared to herbicides application through drone spaying, robotic spraying and manual spraying at 30 DAS. At 60, 90 DAS and harvest the applied herbicide showed no statistically significant effect on soil enzymes activity, during both the years of experimentation.

Drone robot high density planting soil enzymes β glucosidase cotton

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