Antidiabetic, Antidyslipidemic, Hepatoprotective Effects and Histopathological Analysis of Aqueous Extract of Tamarindus Indica (Fabaceae) on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Aims: Diabetes is global public health concerns, imposing a heavy global burden on public health as well as socio-economic development. This study investigated the antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of the aqueous leaves extract of Tamarindus indica. Methodology: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of the fixed dose of linagliptin [5mg/kg body weight (BW)] and Tamarindus Indica [200mg/kg body weight] for four week treatment on streptozotocin [45 mg/kg (BW)] induced diabetic rats. Results: In streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, there was a significant decrease in blood glucose level from (20.04±0.480 mmol/L to 18.94± 0.397 mmol/L). After daily treatment for four weeks, Tamarindus indica reduced blood glucose level (19.8±0.265 mmol/L to 7.94± 0.214 mmol/L). In case of dyslipidemic effect, Tamarindus indica reduced total cholesterol (197.06±0.542 mg/dl), triglyceride (134.18 ±0.309 mg/dl) and LDL-cholesterol (86.18 ±0.307 mg/dl) levels significantly and increased HDL-cholesterol level (30.24 ±0.406 mg/dl) in comparison with diabetic control group. Liver dysfuction parameter significantly decresed SGPT (33.76 ±0.206 U/L) and SGOT (44.46 ±0.607 U/L) compared to diabetic control group was observed.Our findings show that tamarind extracts improve biochemical markers and restore normal histological architecture in treated groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that, the fixed dose of Tamarindus indica leaves exhibits significant antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, hepatoprotective properties, enhancing the potential effect for liver health as an adjunct in dietary management of these metabolic disorders. So aqueous leaves extract of Tamarindus indica might be efficacious in patients with diabetic dyslipidemia. It showed safer, synergistic and promising hypoglycemic properties and reduced dose level of oral hypoglycemic agents, while giving better glycemic control.