Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Species Using Selected 3rd Generation Cephalosporins Antibiotics Against Humans and Poultry Faeces in South West, Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates are among the most common bacterial pathogens associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) where animals are known to be the major reservoir of NTS despite improvements in hygiene and sanitation. Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of non-typhoidal salmonella species from humans and poultry faeces in Ido-Ekiti using selected 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotics. Study Location and Duration: The study was carried out at Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti for 3months between July 2023 and September 2023. Methodology: A total of 300 faecal samples were collected (100 from humans and 200 from poultry) by random sampling and analyzed by enriching on Selenite F broth and cultured on XLD agar using standard method. Faecal samples were identified using morphology, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. Antibiotic susceptibility test determined using disc diffusion method. Results: The prevalence of NTS in human and poultry sources were 9% and 11.5% respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed high resistance rates to 3rd generation Cephalosporins antibiotics among the poultry isolates, especially to Cefuroxime, Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone at 86.9%, 65.2% and 82.6% respectively while Ceftazidime at 88.9% only had an high resistance from human samples as compared to the poultry samples. Conclusion: The study confirmed that poultries in Ido Ekiti are likely major sources of resistant NTS, and this poses a potential hazard to the public, especially those living close to the poultry and those rearing them.