Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids from Underground Market: drug Quality and Implications for Research

Lucas Caseri Câmara

Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences · pp. 59–64 · Published 26 Jul 2023

10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i3221

Abstract

Currently, a large portion of users of anabolic androgenic steroids purchase these drugs from non-legal sources, the so-called underground market. Studies involving drugs seizures from the underground market, and their respective product chemical analysis, indicated that the adulteration rate can vary between 18 and 86%, plus a potential serious contamination by heavy metals or microorganisms. Inadvertent abuse of underground market products can put users' health at additional risk, leading to more serious side effects or unknown adverse events. The poor quality of these products may also jeopardize proper verification of causality in case report studies or case series.

Anabolic steroids testosterone ergogenic aid bodybuilding counterfeit drugs

Cited by 4

4 citations reported by external sources — individual citing-article records aren't available to list yet.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

0

Page views

0

PDF downloads

0

Outbound clicks

4

Citations

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

No views recorded yet.

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

No traffic recorded yet.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.