An Overview on Emerging Agri-tech Solutions for Sustainable Agricultural Development

Abstract

One of the most crucial sectors for a nation's economic development is agriculture.  More over 70% of Indians are employed in agriculture, which also accounts for around one-third of the nation's GDP.  Issues pertaining to agriculture have consistently impeded the country's advancement towards realizing its full potential.  Sustainable agriculture, which entails modernizing conventional farming methods, is the only workable answer to this problem.  Therefore, in order to make farming smarter, the program plans to use automation and Internet of Things technology. The emergence of the fourth agricultural revolution, which is defined by data-driven and automated smart farming, presents chances to improve climate resilience and sustainability.  Artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, remote sensing, and information and communication technologies (ICT), especially the Next Generation Internet of Things (NG-IoT), enable data-driven decision-making and agricultural activity optimization. This study examines new ICT developments in agriculture to give readers a thorough grasp of the opportunities and problems associated with using these technologies to achieve sustainable agriculture.  Additionally, we stress the need of explainable AI and human-centered systems in attaining sustainability in agriculture, emphasizing the critical role that transparent decision-making and user-centric design will play in determining the direction of smart farming in the future.  We conclude by presenting actual Greek projects that make use of several of the aforementioned technologies, demonstrating their exceptional performance in the field of smart agriculture and offering guidance for the future in terms of integrating human engagement, improving explainability, and reliability.