Advances in Semiochemical-Based Pest Management: From Pheromones to Kairomones

Abstract

In recent years, semiochemical-based approaches have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional pesticides, offering sustainable solutions for pest management. Integrating semiochemicals into agricultural practices provides innovative strategies to tackle pest-related challenges. Notable advancements include the “lure and infect” method, which combines pheromones with entomopathogenic fungi to attract pests and enhance pathogen efficacy, and the auto-dissemination approach, which facilitates the spread of microbial pathogens within insect populations, effectively controlling pests such as the fall armyworm. Additionally, the concept of plant defense induction through interactions with phytophagous predators offers a novel avenue to increase crop resistance. The production of insect pheromones in plants further contributes to sustainable pest control by interfering with pest mating behaviors. Tools such as electroantennography have proven valuable for elucidating insect olfactory responses, aiding in the identification of effective semiochemicals. Strategies like push-pull systems manipulate pest behavior using plant-derived compounds, while advanced pheromone dispensers ensure controlled and long-lasting release. Collectively, these developments underscore the potential of semiochemicals to redefine integrated pest management, promoting environmentally friendly and effective pest control solutions. Continued research and innovation are essential to optimize these approaches and fully realize their role in sustainable agriculture.