Acrylamide Toxicity and Mitigation Strategies: A Summary of Recent Reports

Abstract

Acrylamide is a potential carcinogen, with proven neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. In the current scenario, neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of acrylamide have not been conclusively established for humans; however, the same has been established in laboratory animal species. In this review, we summarize the factors dictating the exposure of acrylamide to humans and subsequently caused toxicity to humans. Further, we review the neurotoxic and genotoxic effects of acrylamide on animal models, with a particular emphasis on reproductive toxicity. We also talk about various strategies such as physical, chemical, and biological approaches, employed for acrylamide. Overall, we discuss that consumption of acrylamide through food products has toxic effects on the endocrine system, and it is deleterious for human health. A novel aspect of this review is that we provide a molecular mechanism of action in conjunction with clinical data on acrylamide toxicity along with relevant examples. This review also highlights the requirement of further research on the consequences of acrylamide toxicity, molecular modes of action, and the overall impact on the human body.