Complications of Kidney in Severe Malaria

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious protozoan parasitic disease transmitted by Anopheles spp mosquito. As a disease entity, malaria is still a major global health problem due to its morbidity and mortality that endangered millions of individuals inhabitants in tropical region. Kidney derangement is moderately frequent in severe malaria caused by the species P. falciparum and also P. malariae, but seldom this condition has also been reported in malaria due to P. vivax. Severe or complicated malaria can occur due to delay or failure of treatment. Making correct and early diagnosis is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Actually, a series of events that begins with the entry of blood protozoa into the host which then causes hemodynamic disturbances and loss of normal capillary capacity. Hemodynamic dysfunction, immune response and with addition from the consequences of severe malaria complications in other organs (e.g., liver) leading to worsening of kidney function in severe malaria. This paper cover the recent findings of kidney involvement in severe malaria and other important facts related to this issue.