Risk Factors of Hypertension among Cardiac Patients in Bangladesh- A Single Center Study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a pervasive health issue worldwide, and its prevalence is particularly concerning among cardiac patients in Bangladesh. Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the country, and hypertension is a well-established risk factor for these conditions. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to assess the risk factors of hypertension among cardiac patients in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study took place at the Department of Cardiology, Mugda Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 180 cases of hypertension lasting more than a year enrolled in this study as study population. A purposive sampling method was applied, and data collection utilized a semi-structured, pre-designed questionnaire. MS Office tools SPSS version 23.0 were used for data analysis. Results: Approximately 27% of participants had hypertension for less than 5 years, while 19% for 5 to 10 years, and 16% for 10 to 14 years. Remarkably, 28% managed hypertension for over 20 years. The most frequent risk factors were hyperlipidemia (34%), physical inactivity (24%), family history of hypertension (20%), obesity (19%), smoking (17%), and diabetes (12%). Conclusion: Among the cardiac patients in Bangladesh, the most potential risk factors for hypertension are hyperlipidemia, physical inactivity, family history of hypertension, obesity, smoking, and diabetes.