Occurrence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates from Patients Attending Bingham Hospital, Jos, Nigeria

Abstract

This study was carried out from Dec.2011 to Jan. 2012 and occurrence and susceptibility patterns of salmonella isolates were determined. Five hundred and fifty samples (comprising of 355 from stool and 200 from blood) were collected from patients with symptoms of salmonella infection attending Bingham University Teaching Hospital. Antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates was performed with the following drugs: septrine (30µg), streptomycin (30µg), chloramphenicol (30µg), sparfloxacin (10µg), ciprofloxacin (10µg), trivid(10µg), amoxacillin (30µg), augmentin (30µg), gentamicin (10µg) and pefloxacin (30µg) using Kirby-Bauer’s method .Only 12(2.2%) out of 555 examined samples yielded Salmonella species. Twelve Salmonellaspp.were isolated from females (58.3%, n=7) while 5 from males (41.7%, n= 5). The difference was however not statistically significant (p≥0.05). The most infection age range was 35-39 years old while ages 0-4 years and 10-14 years showed no infection. Nine isolates of Salmonella sp exhibited multi drug resistance character while only 3 were sensitive, one of these three showed complete sensitivity to the entire antibiotic tested. The Salmonella species isolates showed most sensitivity (58%) to ciprofloxacin, augmentin and gentamicin followed by trivid, streptomycin and chloramphenicol (50% each). The least sensitivity of the isolates to the antibiotics was 25% in both amoxacillin and sparfloxacin. This preliminary investigation suggests that there may be possible distribution of multidrug resistant Salmonella strain (MDRSS) in this environment. Also the recommended drugs to be used are ciprofloxacin, gentamincin and augmetin. Also periodic antibiotic susceptibility pattern should be done to curtail further emergence of MDRSS. Thus this research can serve as a guide since there is no documented data on antibiotic profile of salmonella in this study area.