Farmers’ Perception of Bench Terrace Performance and Effectiveness in Southern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Abstract

The southern Tigray region in Northern Ethiopia faces significant agricultural challenges, including soil erosion and water scarcity. To address these issues, bench terraces (BTs) have been introduced as a soil and water conservation measure. These terraces aim to enhance agricultural productivity and create land opportunities for landless youths. This study investigates farmers’ perceptions of the performance of constructed BTs in southern Tigray. It aims to understand the effectiveness and challenges associated with BTs and identify socio-economic, environmental, and technical factors from the farmers’ perspectives. The research was conducted in the Zatta, Embahasti, and Wegelen watersheds, located in the districts of Ofla, Endamekoni, and Alaje, respectively, where BTs are predominantly practiced. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather comprehensive data. The research highlights the importance of involving farmers in the design and implementation of conservation measures to ensure their sustainability and effectiveness. Despite the benefits, farmers reported several challenges, including inadequate maintenance, water scarcity, lack of access to infrastructure, and the labor-intensive nature of constructing and maintaining the terraces. While bench terraces are generally perceived positively for their role in soil conservation and productivity enhancement, addressing challenges related to maintenance, water access, and technical support is crucial for their sustained success. Enhanced community engagement and government support are recommended to improve the overall performance and sustainability of bench terraces in the region.