Cytotoxic Synergism between a Proprietary Commiphora mukul Gum Extract GU-MCT810, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and Metformin in Human Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma and Hepatoma Cell Lines  In vitro

Cheppail Ramachandran; Karl-Werner Quirin; Steven J. Melnick

doi:10.9734/jocamr/2021/v16i430307

Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Cytotoxic Synergism between a Proprietary Commiphora mukul Gum Extract GU-MCT810, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and Metformin in Human Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma and Hepatoma Cell Lines In vitro

Cheppail Ramachandran, Karl-Werner Quirin, Steven J. Melnick

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research · pp. 185–195 · Published 11 Dec 2021

10.9734/jocamr/2021/v16i430307

Abstract

In this investigation we have analyzed the synergism for the cytotoxic effect of a proprietary guggul gum extract (GU), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and metformin (Met) in SJRH30 human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and HepG2 hepatoma cell lines in vitro. 2-DG and Met as single agents have weak cytotoxic effects in both cell lines. However, the combination of GU+2-DG, GU+Met and 2-DG+Met showed synergism for cytotoxic effect by CompuSyn analysis. Therefore, GU can be included in the combination of drugs involving 2-DG and Met to have synergistic effect. GU also showed a dose-dependent increase in cellular glucose uptake in HepG2 cells like the antidiabetic drug 2,4-thiozolidine dione (TZ). The demonstration of synergism of anticancer effects between GU, metformin and 2-DG, suggest that their mechanisms are in general complementary, though further studies are required to delineate the mechanism of GU, 2-DG and metformin combinations.

Anticancer effect guggul, 2-deoxy-D-glucose metformin rhabdomyosarcoma hepatoma cytotoxicity synergism glucose uptake

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Cheppail Ramachandran, Karl-Werner Quirin, Steven J. Melnick (2021). Cytotoxic Synergism between a Proprietary Commiphora mukul Gum Extract GU-MCT810, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and Metformin in Human Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma and Hepatoma Cell Lines In vitro. Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research , 185–195. https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2021/v16i430307

Affiliations

Cheppail Ramachandran — Department of Pathology, Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL 33155, USA and Dharma Biomedical LLC, 12777 Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33156, USA.
Karl-Werner Quirin — Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH, Rehlingen, Germany.
Steven J. Melnick — Department of Pathology, Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL 33155, USA and Dharma Biomedical LLC, 12777 Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33156, USA.

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