Knowledge of Bipolar Disorder among Undergraduates of Selected Departments in Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition that typically emerges during late adolescence and early adulthood, coinciding with the university years. Poor knowledge of the disorder persists among university students, contributing to delayed diagnosis, stigma, and adverse outcomes. This study assessed the knowledge of bipolar disorder among undergraduates from selected departments at Abia State University, Uturu. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 undergraduate students selected through multistage sampling from the Departments of Public Health (n=302) and Accounting (n=98). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Bipolar Disorder Knowledge Scale (BDKS). with internal consistency confirmed (Cronbach’s α = 0.78). Knowledge scores were categorized as poor (<40%), fair (40–69%), and good (≥70%). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests (χ² values reported), and independent samples t-test at p<0.05. Results: Respondents were predominantly aged 20-24 years (46.0%), female (52.0%), Igbo (90.3%), and Christian (90.5%). The majority demonstrated fair (46.5%) or good (43.0%) knowledge, while 10.5% had poor knowledge. Correct identification was highest for depressive symptoms (64.8%), the chronic nature of the disorder (67.8%), and genetic etiology (67.0%). Social media (60.3%) was the most frequently used information source, while university lectures (32.8%) were the most trusted. Most respondents expressed supportive attitudes toward affected peers (65.8%) and believed in recovery with treatment (78.6%). No significant associations were found between socio-demographic factors and categorical knowledge levels. However, Public Health students (M=5.28, SD=1.35) had significantly higher mean knowledge scores than Accounting students (M=4.88, SD=1.24), t(398)=2.65, p=0.008. Conclusion: Undergraduates from selected departments at Abia State University demonstrated moderate knowledge of bipolar disorder with strengths in some domains and gaps in others. Department of study significantly influenced knowledge, highlighting the need for mental health education across all disciplines to promote early recognition and reduce stigma.