Impact of Cannabis sativa on Reproductive Cycling and Fertility Success in Female Albino Rats: A Functional Study

Abstract

Nitrogen-containing compounds like cannabisativine and anhydrocannabisativine are found primarily in the roots and leaves. Scientists have highlighted these for their unique ability to influence the central nervous system (CNS) and their potential contribution to the plant's overall toxicity profile. These provide the plant's aroma and contribute to the entourage effect, where multiple compounds work together to enhance or modulate the effect of THC. This study investigates the functional reproductive consequences of exposure to Cannabis sativa in female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). By monitoring the oestrous cycle through vaginal cytology and evaluating anti-implantation activity, the research quantifies how different extracts (crude, aqueous, and ethanolic) disrupt the timing of reproductive receptivity and the success of early pregnancy. Results indicate a dose-dependent prolongation of the dioestrous phase and a significant reduction in implantation sites, particularly with alcoholic extracts (80% anti-implantation at 75mg/kg). These findings suggest that cannabis consumption poses a significant risk to the hormonal triggers and uterine environment required for successful mammalian conception.