Reactive Oxygen Species and Eye Aging in Cataracts through Biomolecular Mechanisms

Abstract

The cataractogenesis process and the novel mechanisms involved in its progression make us question that the only solution today presented for its resolution is through a surgical procedure. The unveiling of such interesting and intricate machinery in the lens opacification occupies not only the ophthalmologists field, but also biology, molecular, and biochemistry areas. The animal models, experimental and theoretically, have done their best try to present what appears to be an irreparable and unstoppable process nowadays. The crystalline lens opacification is chronic and progressively damaged due to the loss of balance between the production and elimination of free reactive oxygen species (ROS), the attempts to stop or slow down this overproduction or lack of elimination lie in study material from disciplines as complex as cancer pathways. The execution of this review article was possible through metasearch engines like Wiley Online Library, EBSCO, Cochrane, Clinical key and MEDLINE PubMed (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), to retrieve studies from January 2021 to January 2022, following PRISMA guidelines, with a special affinity to systematic reviews and meta-analysis. MeSH Terms associated with "Cataract AND Reactive Oxygen Species". This work constitutes an integral cataractogenesis view in the development of future therapeutic scopes. The world population especially in Europe is aging at a rapid rate, in this sense is necessary to consider a root potential solution and not palliative strategies in ophthalmology for the next generations. The compendium of procedures presented already supposed to open a new panorama to a clearer world, a world without senile cataracts. Time is vision.