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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bouaké, Côte D´Ivoire

A. Diarrassouba, S. F. Toure, Y. L. C. Karidioula, A. M. Konan, A. Traoré, P. Monemo, E. A. Anoh, S. Karidioula, J. O. N. Tadet, S. D. Adon, R. Asse, C. Akoua- Koffi

Microbiology Research Journal International · pp. 7–16 · Published 4 Aug 2020

10.9734/mrji/2020/v30i730234

Abstract

Aim: Determine the prevalence of serological markers and identify risk factors associated with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in patients screened at the Bouake teaching hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study was conducted Study Site and Period: Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory/Bouake teaching hospital, Côte d´Ivoire, from April 2016 to January 2018. Methodology: In all 1076 study participants, venous blood sample was collected and screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), by electrochemical-luminescence following the manufacturer protocols.  Additionally, questionnaires were used to collect information regarding sociodemographic variables and possible risk factors for hepatitis B infection.  Data were processed and analyzed using EPI INFO 7 software. Results: A total of 1076 participants were included in this study with a median age of 30.0 years (range: 3 months; 82 years). Of which, 514 (48%) were female and 562 (52%) were male with female / male ratio 1.09. HBsAg was detected in 24,3% of participants and 82 1 (76,3%) were exposed to the risk of HBV infection (anti-HBc positive). High rate of HBV infection was detected in male (27.93%) (p=0.003). The age group of 15–45 years were more infected (27.18%) (p<0.0001). The detection rate of HBe antigen (HBeAg), anti-HBe and anti-HBc (total antibodies) were respectively 12%; 86% and 7%. Of 938 participants who were not vaccinated against HBV, 240 (25.58%) were HBsAg-positive. HBV vaccine uptake was protective against HBV infection (AOR =0.580; 95% CI 0.359-0.938; p=0.024). Conclusion: The rate of carriage of HBs antigen was higer than national rate, which confirms that Bouake is a highly endemic area for HBV infection. Vaccination against Hepatitis B virus is the only way to prevent and to fight effectively against this infection. It is therefore important to encourage the screening and vaccination in the general population.

Hepatitis B HBsAg anti-HBc Bouake Côte d’Ivoire

References (14)

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