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Evaluation of Antibiogram Profile of Vibrio cholerae Isolates from Sea Foods and Water Samples from Cross River State, Nigeria

Tarh, Jacqueline Ebob, Inyang Ikpeme Henry

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology · pp. 9–29 · Published 14 Jun 2024

10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i7370

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the antibiogram profile of Vibrio cholerae [V. cholerae] strains isolated from Cross River State environment. Study Design:  The cross-sectional study was a completely Randomized design because it is flexible and yields maximum degrees of freedom for any experimental errors. Place and Duration of Study: This was conducted in the Department of Microbiology University of Cross River State Calabar, Nigeria, between 2022 and 2024. Methodology: A total of 1,155 V. cholerae strains were isolated from water samples and sea foods from the North, Central and Southern geographical zones of CRS. This was done to have a complete picture of the spatial distribution of these MDR strains of the test bacterial strains. A total of 30 samples were assessed from three different locations in each geographical zone, for the presence of V. cholerae strains using conventional culture methods and isolates identified bio/serologically with commercial polyvalent and monovalent antisera. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocols, were implored, for testing the susceptibility of the isolates to 10 commercially used antibiotics. Results: A total of 529±9.90 (45.8%) of the isolates showed resistance to Augmentin 30µg and 83±2.92 (7.17%) showed resistance to Gentamycin 10 µg. The overall percentage mean resistance by source, showed that the lowest resistance was from Cray fish (44.26±18.422%), and the highest was from Periwinkle (2.17±6.10%). It was also observed that the isolates from Ikom (CR Center) were the most resistant, with, 31.93±25.41%, followed by Calabar (CR South) with 24.54± 19.43% and Obanlikwu (CR North), the least with 9.07±18.80%. Statistically, significant differences were observed in the resistance pattern of the isolates from the different sources and locations, with significant values of .00 respectively (P=.05). Conclusion: There are great Chances that human infections, caused by these environmental V. cholerae strains can arise from contacts with these environmental sources. There is therefore, a need to carry out a surveillance on these MDR V. cholerae strains to help curb any eventual case of cholera outbreak of in the state.

Antibiogram profile V. cholerae CRS environment

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