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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Development of Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skill among Primary School Students: Theoretical Analysis of Gender and Parental Role

Partha Sarathi Mallik, Pradeep Suna

Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies · pp. 830–838 · Published 4 Jun 2025

10.9734/ajess/2025/v51i62039

Abstract

Lower-level Foundational literacy and numeracy skills among primary students is a global concern of educational policy framers, researchers and teachers due to their positive implication for individual student’s academic progression, employment opportunity and national progress. Although research literature is enriched with findings of cognitive and institutional perspective of FLN skill of student but influence of child’s gender and parental role is less focused, more specifically how these social demographical factors affect development of foundational literacy and numeracy skills among students. In this thematic paper, attempt has been made to propose on hypothetical model about role of gender and parents for child’s foundational literacy skill development, from the existing literature. This model can be used to understand social perspective of differential FLN skill among students.

Foundational literacy foundational numeracy gender differences parental role earning poverty socioeconomic status educational inequality

Cited by 4

Influence of Socio-Economic Background on Children's Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Skills: A Systematic Analysis in the Indian Context

B. Pati, Maman Deb, J. Pradhan · International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology · 2026

Teachers’ Perceptions and Classroom Practices Regarding Foundational Literacy and Numeracy in Primary Schools

A. Das, Subashisa Lenka · International journal of Emerging Voices in Education · 2026

PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY FOR STRENGTHENING STUDENTS’ LITERACY AND NUMERACY SKILLS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Iid Maulidiyah Subhi, Riris Widiyanti Putri, Siti Mahmudah · Santhet (Jurnal Sejarah Pendidikan Dan Humaniora) · 2026

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