Background: The cervical skeleton provides the structural basis for avian neck mobility and extreme flexibility, compensating for the immobility of the eyes. However, the cervical osteology of the indigenous Tripureswari duck, a distinct breed from Tripura in north-eastern India,...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ajob/2026/v22i11711
The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ in birds and plays a fundamental role in immune functioning. Comparative information on the post-hatch development of the spleen is crucial for understanding differences in immunocompetence between indigenous and commercial chick...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/air/2026/v27i51734
Background: The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ involved in avian T-lymphocyte development. Comparative information on thymic development in Haringhata Black and commercial broiler chickens is limited. Aim: The study aims to compare the gross morphology, morphometry, histology...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/arrb/2026/v41i82432