Bagewadi Basavaraj

Nature's Other Bt Weapon: Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vips) for Smarter Crop Protection

Nikhil Ramrao Mohite, Bagewadi Basavaraj & M. H. Kodandaram · International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review · 2026

Crystalline (Cry) δ-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have supported microbial and transgenic insect control for decades, but field-evolved resistance and natural tolerance in important pests have increased interest in complementary insecticidal proteins. Vegetative ins...