Background: Myopia is a widespread refractive error characterized by an inability to clearly see distant objects due to the eye’s axial length being longer than normal or its refractive components being too strong. This condition can lead to asthenopia—symptoms such as eye strain...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4465
Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, bilateral allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva that tends to recur over time. Globally, VKC represents around 1% of all eye diseases, whereas in tropical areas, it contributes to approximately 3% of serious ophthalmi...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4466
Aim: To investigate the productivity of primary pediatric eye care and associated barriers. Study Design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Primary health care facilities in Hai and Mwanga districts between August 2023 and July 2024 Methodology: This study invo...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4464
Objectives: This study aimed to assess factors affecting visual outcomes among Open Globe Injury (OGI) patients attending the KCMC eye department from 2015 to 2020. Methodology: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for Open Globe Injury (OGI) patients aged thre...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4463
Aims: This retrospective cohort study aims to assess the demographic characteristics, symptom progression, and allergen triggers in allergic conjunctivitis to provide insights for improved clinical management and preventive strategies. Study Design: Rretrospective Cohort Study....
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4462
A new age of Precision gene therapy is the most futuristic, transformative, and alternative approach developed for treating Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD). Globally, ARMD is a major contributor to severe, irreversible vision loss. It is a degenerative disease that result...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i4461
Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of sleep in glaucoma patients, and to determine its correlations with structural changes . Study Design: This is a case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Ophthalmolo...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i3460
Aim: To evaluate long term outcomes of trabeculectomy and associated factors for failure among adult glaucoma patients in northern Tanzania from January 2013 to December 2023. Study Design: This was a hospital based retrospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Departm...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i3459
Objective: To assess the stage of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) at diagnosis, determine the proportion of patients experiencing disease progression, and identify factors influencing progression. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, 201 newly diagnosed POAG patients aged 18...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i3457
Background: Senile cataracts remain a leading cause of avoidable blindness worldwide, especially among the elderly. Understanding the interplay of socio-demographic, environmental, and systemic health variables can aid in effective prevention strategies. Objective: To identify an...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i3458
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of prefilled syringe technology and different masking protocols on endophthalmitis rates following intravitreal injection (IVI). Endophthalmitis cases following IVI between 3/1/2015 and 10/31/2022 at a single institution were re...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i3456
Introduction: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide, with a higher prevalence in developing countries, especially in India. The onset of cataracts at a younger age, known as presenile cataract, is of concern due to its multifactorial aetiology, including genetic, envir...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i2455
Background: Lens-induced glaucoma (LIG) is a prevalent issue concerning eye health in Sudan. This study sought to evaluate the visual outcomes of lens-induced glaucoma in Western Sudan. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at Makkah Eye Complex in North Kordofan St...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i2454
Aim: This case report highlights about a silent and devastating invasion of Scleral metastases. Introduction: Ocular metastases remain a rare manifestation of systemic malignancies. Scleral involvement is an exceptionally uncommon presentation, often mimicking inflammatory condit...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i2453
The duration of computer use for students during the COVID-19 pandemic is increasing because lecture activities that are usually carried out face-to-face must be done online. use of computers for 3 hours a day, can cause various health problems. One of them is Computer Vision Syn...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/or/2025/v20i2452