Exploring the Multifaceted Impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Study from Benghazi, Libya

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily causes symmetrical joint inflammation, particularly affecting the synovium. Key symptoms include morning stiffness, joint swelling, fatigue, and rheumatoid nodules in seropositive patients. Aim: This study aims to assess the daily pattern of joint pain and stiffness, identify the most affected joints, evaluate comorbidities associated with RA and investigate the psychological and emotional impact of the disease on patient Materials and Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional survey design to collect data from 301 participants diagnosed with RA in Benghazi, Libya, between February and May 2024. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, while Excel was used for accurate data entry and organization. Results: The most prominent symptom reported was joint pain and stiffness, particularly in the morning, affecting 43.9% of participants. Joint involvement was highest in the hands, knees, and shoulders, with the hip joint being the least affected. A significant burden of comorbidities was observed, with hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: The study explores the clinical presentations of rheumatoid arthritis in Benghazi, Libya. Key findings include common symptoms like morning joint stiffness, highlighting the disease's impact on physical health. It also affects psychological well-being and employment status, with many patients experiencing comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension, complicating their management.