Zidovudine-Induced Anaemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Children on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Jos, Nigeria
Emeka U. Ejeliogu, Stephen Oguche, Augustine O. Ebonyi, Sylvanus E. Okpe, Esther S. Yiltok, Olukemi Ige, Martha O. Ochoga, Placid Ugoagwu, Christy Dady, Lucy Ogwuche, Oche O. Agbaji, Prosper Okonkwo
Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences · pp. 1–10 · Published 19 Jun 2014
10.9734/JAMPS/2014/11241Abstract
Aims: To determine the incidence and severity of zidovudine-induced anaemia in HIV-infected children initiated on anti-retroviral therapy in Jos, Nigeria. Study Design: This was an observational cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN)-supported HIV clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria between April 2008 and March 2013. Methodology: We followed up HIV-infected children initiated on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for 12 months. We compared the haemoglobin level at baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after initiation of HAART. We also compared the haemoglobin level of those on zidovudine (ZDV) and stavudine (d4T)-containing regimens. Results: Three hundred and fifty-two (92.1%) patients were on zidovudine-containing regimen while 30 (7.9%) were on stavudine-containing regimen. Three hundred and sixty-five (95.6%) were on cotrimoxazole while 17 (4.4%) were not on cotrimoxazole. The mean haemoglobin level at baseline was 10.8±2.1g/dl for the ZDV group and 6.9±1.3g/dl for the d4T group (P = .001). At baseline, 232 (60.7%) of the patients had anaemia while 26 (6.8%) had severe anaemia. At the end of the 12 months evaluation period, fifty-nine (16.8%) of the patients on ZDV had Hb <8g/dl and were switched to d4T while 16 (4.6%) received blood transfusion. The mean Hb level of ZDV group decreased from 10.8±2.1g/dl to 9.3±1.8g/dl (P = .03) while that of d4T group increased from 6.9±1.3g/dl to 11.2±1.5g/dl (P <.001). Conclusion: ZDV-induced anaemia was common in HIV-infected children on HAART in this study. Regular clinical and laboratory monitoring is necessary for early detection in order to mitigate the harmful effect anaemia has on the health and survival of such children.
References (24)
- 1 The Efficacy of Azidothymidine (AZT) in the Treatment of Patients with AIDS and AIDS-Related Complex [DOI]
- 2 Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [DOI]
- 3 HIV-associated anemia in children: a systematic review from a global perspective [DOI]
- 4 Serum Immunoreactive Erythropoietin in HIV-Infected Patients [DOI]
- 5 High incidence of zidovudine induced anaemia in HIV infected patients in eastern India.
- 6 Spectrum of Adverse Events After Generic HAART in Southern Indian HIV-Infected Patients [DOI]
- 7 Prevalence of anemia and correlation with biomarkers and specific antiretroviral regimens in 9690 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: findings of the Anemia Prevalence Study [DOI]
- 8 Risk factors and cumulative incidence of anaemia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Uganda [DOI]
- 9 tat protein stimulates production of transforming growth factor-beta 1 by marrow macrophages: a potential mechanism for human immunodeficiency virus-1-induced hematopoietic suppression [DOI]
- 10 Trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole‐associated blood dyscrasias. Ten years'experience of the Swedish spontaneous reporting system [DOI]
- 11 Serum erythropoietin levels in anaemic patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection [DOI]
- 12 Anaemia and zidovudine‐containing antiretroviral therapy in paediatric antiretroviral programmes in the IeDEA Paediatric West African Database to evaluate AIDS [DOI]
- 13 HAART induced adverse drug reactions: A retrospective analysis at a tertiary referral health care center in India [DOI]
- 14 Evaluation of incidence of zidovudine induced anemia in Indian human immunodeficiency virus positive patients in comparison with stavudine based highly active antiretroviral therapy [DOI]
- 15 Evaluation of a Systematic Substitution of Zidovudine for Stavudine-Based HAART in a Program Setting in Rural Cambodia [DOI]
- 16 Prevalence of Anaemia in HIV-Infected Children at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada [DOI]
- 17 HIV-1 suppression of hematopoiesis in vitro mediated by envelope glycoprotein and TNF- alpha . [DOI]
- 18 Parvovirus B19 Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Persons Failing or Intolerant to Zidovudine Therapy [DOI]
- 19 Hematopoietic Growth Factors as Adjuncts to Antiretroviral Therapy [DOI]
- 20 Adverse Events in HIV- infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy at a Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria: A Retrospective Study [DOI]
- 21 Evidence for a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Mediated Suppression ofUninfected Hematopoietic (CD34+) Cells in AIDS Patients [DOI]
- 22 Observational Cohort Study of HIV-Infected African Children [DOI]
- 23 Prevalence of Anemia and Underlying Iron Status in Naive Antiretroviral Therapy HIV-Infected Children with Moderate Immune Suppression [DOI]
- 24 Stavudine vs. Zidovudine as antiretroviral therapy [DOI]
Cited by 15
Augustine O. Ebonyi, Stephen Oguche, Martha O. Ochoga · Journal of Virus Eradication · 2017
Minh Nguyet Pham, Toi Van Vo, Van-Thanh Tran · AAPS PharmSciTech · 2017
Mahshid Daryab, Mehrdad Faizi, Arash Mahboubi · Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research · 2022
Biruk Bayleyegn, Berhanu Woldu, Aregawi Yalew · PLOS ONE · 2021
Danis Pertiwi, Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro, Tri Indah Winarni · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · 2022
Kalyani Prusty, Sarat K. Swain · Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials · 2016
M. S. Ali, S. W. Muhammadi, M. Latif · Chemistry of Natural Compounds · 2023
Showing 7 of 15 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- First Trimester Fasting Blood Glucose as a Screening Tool for Diabetes Mellitus in a Teaching Hospital Setting in Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- The Nature and Complications of Acute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury in a University Hospital in Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- Musculoskeletal Complications of Sickle Cell Anaemia and Their Management Approaches in Makurdi, Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Radiologists in Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- The Skills of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Some Professional and Student Teachers Compared — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
65
Page views
0
PDF downloads
42
Outbound clicks
15
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.