Soil Erosion-based Sub-basin Prioritization in an Intermittent River Basin Using Morphometric Analysis: A Case Study of Jirgo River Basin, Central India

Abstract

River basins provide essential ecological services, yet their management remains inadequate, particularly for intermittent rivers. Despite the growing application of geomorphological tools, morphometric-based sub-basin prioritization studies remain limited for intermittent river basins in Central India, creating a significant research gap in understanding erosion susceptibility and resource management in such hydrological settings. Limited financial and human resources further hinder effective planning and conservation efforts. Prioritizing sub-basins based on morphometric analysis is a strategic approach to ensuring the sustainable management of these water systems. This study conducted a comprehensive morphometric analysis of the Jirgo River basin in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India, covering approximately 640 sq. km across the Upper Vindhyan range and the marginal Ganga plain. The analysis examined twenty-two morphometric parameters, including linear, areal, and relief aspects, across five delineated sub-basins to assess their susceptibility to soil erosion. Results revealed drainage density values ranging from 0.55 to 2.04, indicating highly permeable subsoil conditions, dense vegetation cover, and coarse drainage texture. These characteristics suggest low relief, high infiltration capacity, reduced surface runoff, and significant groundwater potential throughout the basin. However, the elevated ruggedness number (0.42) and relief ratio (5.83) indicate the basin's vulnerability to soil erosion processes. Through morphometric prioritization analysis based on twenty-two parameters, the Barhi Nadi sub-basin was identified as high-risk, while Kalkalia Nala and Jaugarh Nadi exhibited medium risk, and Magardaha Nala and Chakra Nala showed low risk of soil erosion. The assessment indicates that soil erosion susceptibility, limited surface flow, minimal relative relief, an underdeveloped drainage network, and an elongated basin configuration characterize the Jirgo Basin. These findings provide a scientific basis for decision-makers to implement targeted soil conservation measures and develop effective sub-basin management strategies to mitigate soil erosion and enhance basin sustainability.