Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii Species Isolated in the Conakry Region, Guinea

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in the Conakry region from 2022 to 2024. Study Type: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 in the Conakry region. Study Location and Duration: National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Biomar-24 medical biology laboratory, and Donka University Hospital Center, between 2022 and 2024. Methods: Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK 2 Compact, following EUCAST guidelines. Results: Eighty bacterial strains were isolated, of which 57.5% were Acinetobacter baumannii and 42.5% were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regarding the origin of the samples, urine samples were the most common at 57.5%, followed by pus (15%) and blood (13.75%). There was high resistance to ticarcillin (43.75%), ceftazidime (32.5%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (31.25%), and low resistance to colistin (5%) and imipenem (7.52%), making them the most effective antibiotics. In addition, there was notable resistance to tobramycin (33.75%), especially in Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion: This study highlights an alarming frequency of resistance. It calls for a strengthening of surveillance policies and better management of antibiotics in Guinea.