Numerical Study on the Use of Low Crested Detached Breakwaters along the Northern Coast of Egypt

Abstract

Many resorts were constructed along the northern coast of Egypt for recreational purposes. High waves often occur in the used-zone leading to uncomfortable conditions. Moreover, the resulting longshore current with high speeds due to wave breaking leads to undesirable current flow. Rip currents generated in the used-zone can also be a hazard to swimmers This study aims at testing the possibility of using detached low crested submerged breakwaters to provide suitable swimming conditions along the northern coast of Egypt. Detached low crested submerged breakwaters are considered as they do not obstruct the sea view and have lower negative impacts on the environment. This study attempts to provide a numerical examination for several configurations using different breakwater and the gap lengths. Three numerical models were used; refraction diffraction model for waves, hydrodynamic model for current circulation and one line model for shoreline movement. The best breakwater configuration to provide safe swimming area is recommended with an assessment of the negative impact on the shoreline stability. This study will be useful for the recreational resorts along the northern coast of Egypt.