Microbiological Survey on Poultry Droppings, Soils, and Water of Poultry Farm in Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract

Poultry refers to an industry that nurtures all kinds of birds which are economically useful to humans, but adversely affecting the well-being of the environment. Therefore, it is imperative for Microbiological Survey on Poultry droppings, soils, and water of poultry farm in Elele, Rivers State should be conducted. A total of Eighteen (18) samples within the three (3) sections of the poultry were aseptically collected, and transported to Microbiology laboratory Madonna University.  Total viable microbial count in the samples was determined by plating techniques. Isolates were culturally and biochemically characterized. Total culturable viable bacterial counts ranged from (2.0 x 104 – 8.0 x 104log10 cfu/ml/g) while total spore counts ranged from (2.0 x 104- 6.0 x 104 log10 cfu/ml/g). The bacterial isolates identified by biochemical characterization and their frequency of occurrence in broiler sections (Salmonella sp. 22.72%),  pullet (Escherichia coli 31.8%), layer (Staphylococcus sp. 27.27%), water used (Escherichia coli 18.2%) meanwhile, fungal isolates and frequency of occurrence in broiler sections (Penicillium sp. 25.0%), pullet sections (Penicillium sp. 30.0%), layer sections (Aspergillus sp. 30.0%) and water used (Penicillium sp. 15.0%).This study has revealed that droppings, soils, and water used in poultry farm can be a channel for environmental pollution if not properly managed at the time of disposal. The study also, revealed that there was a higher microbial load on the soil of layer sections indicating improper hygienic practice. Therefore, it is crucial to encourage holistic adequate sanitary approach adopted and observe in all poultry activities to reduce negative impact of these harmful microbes to the birds, humans, and environment to its barest minimum.