Antimicrobial Potential of Sonneratia alba and Sonneratia caseolaris against Shrimp Pathogens

Abstract

Disease is one of the obstacles in shrimp farming. Many countries have experienced economic losses due to disease in shrimp caused by microbes. Many strategies are being used to overcome the problem such as antibiotics, formalin, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and others. However, the use antibiotics in long term can cause negative effects. So that, the development of potential new natural compounds is required to overcome this problem. This review article aims to explain the nutritional content, bioactive compounds, antimicrobial potential, and the effect of S. alba and S. caseolaris on shrimp survival. Sonneratia alba and Sonneratia caseolaris are plants that have many bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolics. They have also been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Vibrio harveyi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Saprolegnia sp., and others. Application of S. alba and S. caseolaris can also increase the survival rate of infected shrimps. S. alba and S. caseolaris have the potential to be used as antimicrobial agents and can be used to protect shrimp from microbial pathogens.