Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for Young People (10‑24 Years) in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review of Barriers, Interventions, and Policy Gaps

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental period that shapes sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adolescents face significant challenges in accessing SRH services, including high rates of early pregnancies, unmet contraceptive needs, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Objectives: This review aims to map the existing research on SRH service access for adolescents in SSA, identify key barriers and facilitators to service access, and summarize reported interventions and outcomes. Methods: A scoping review was adopted in carrying out this review. Data was sourced from PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), and grey literature to retrieve publications published between 2020 and the search date (October 7, 2025). A total of 21 studies, including both peer-reviewed articles (15) and policy documents (6), were reviewed. The studies focused on adolescents and young individuals 10–24 years, addressing various SRH services such as family planning, HIV prevention, STI testing, and sexual education. Findings: The main barriers identified were socio-cultural stigma, economic constraints, lack of confidentiality, and inadequate youth-friendly services. Interventions like digital health tools and peer-led education have shown promise but face challenges in terms of reach and sustainability. The review also found that rural areas are particularly underserved. Conclusion: While there have been efforts to address adolescent SRH needs, significant gaps remain in service provision, policy enforcement, and cultural acceptance. Future efforts should focus on integrating youth-friendly services, enhancing digital health solutions, and involving adolescents in the development of SRH policies to ensure equitable access.