The Relationship of Physical Activity with Prediabetes: A Cross-sectional Study in Guanajuato, Mexico

Abstract

Aims: The objective of this study is to analyze the association between low physical activity levels and the development of prediabetes in a population of adults aged 18-65, belonging to CAISES Pardo in Guanajuato, Mexico. Study Design: It was designed a cross-sectional study in adults from CAISES El Pardo of Guanajuato, México without Type II Diabetes. Methodology: It was included 196 patients who signed the informed consent; in them, it was measured fasting glucose levels and capillary glucose; Body mass index was measured as a nutritional status. Physical activity was measured with international physical activity questionnaire. The sample size calculation was assuming that 73.9% of individuals with mild physical activity develop prediabetes, and those with moderate to vigorous physical activity develop it in 53%, the minimum sample size required is 92 for those with mild physical activity and 92 for those with moderate to vigorous physical activity, with 95% precision and 80% power. The statistical analyses were with Chi-squared test and P-value, and then OR (CI95%). Results: It was a relationship between physical activity mild and prediabetes X2= 54.43, df 1, P=.0001, and strong effect with OR= 16.56, CI95% 6.98 a 39.26. Age shown a confounding effect in the relationship between physical activity level and prediabetes. The results showed a strong association between low physical activity levels and prediabetes, as well as a significant correlation between plasma glucose levels and capillary glucose levels. It was observed that most of the population is overweight or obese, with a predominantly female demographic. Conclusion: Diabetes is known to be a significant health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates, underscoring the importance of implementing measures for its prevention, screening, and early detection. This study provides relevant information on the subject and emphasizes the need for implementing programs, training, and measures to reduce new cases of non-communicable chronic diseases and effectively manage existing ones.