The Efficiency of Some Natural Alternatives against Pratylenchus Coffeae, Pest of Plantain in Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

Aims: Analyze in vitro test the efficiency of aqueous extracts nematicidal activities of four selected medicinal plants (Tithonia diversifolia, Vernonia colorata, Piper sarmentosum, and  Lantana camara) against Pratylenchus coffeae. Analyse in greenhouse assay the efficiency of aqueous leaf extract of T. diversifolia and V. colorata against P. coffeae. Study Design: The study took place in vitro and greenhouse assay. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Nematology, plantain banana, and pineapple program, National Research Agronomic Center of Côte d’Ivoire, between January to July 2022. Methodology:  In vitro assay, the efficiency of aqueous leaf extract was tested against P. coffeae after 30 min, 1 h, 1 h30, 2 h, 2 h30, 3 h, 3 h30, and 4 h of exposure. Two parameters were measured nematostatic paralysis and mortality rates. Each treatment has been replicated four times. Bananas variety Corne 1 has been used in greenhouse assay. After the inoculation of 100 nematodes of P. coffeae, reproduction factor, and agronomics parameters have been studied. Results: All plants caused significant nematostatic and mortality effects (P<0.05). V. colorata extract was the most effective with a 90% of nematostatic rate and 87 % mortality. This was followed by: P. sarmentosum (93%; 83%), T. diversifolia (95%; 80%), and L. camara (86%; 73%) in nematostatic and mortality effects. Aqueous leaf extract of T. diversifolia and V. colorata has affected some agronomic parameters compared to the blank. No significant difference in nematode populations has been detected for the two extracts. Conclusion: Leaves of the V. colorata and T. diversifolia plant could be used for the management of P. coffeae.