The Effect of Extreme Temperature and Air Pollutant on Cardiovascular Disease in Ondo-State Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between extreme temperatures, air pollutants, and cardiovascular disease in Ondo State, Nigeria. Geographic Information System (GIS) satellite mapping techniques were utilized to analyze the spatial distribution of environmental parameters including methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and temperature across Ondo State. Data was obtained for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022 to allow for temporal analysis. The parameters exhibited some variations across different local government areas, indicating potential differences in exposure. 2020 data on cardiovascular disease and death cases revealed distinct spatial patterns, with northern regions showing higher disease burden compared to southern areas. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions based on region-specific environmental and health profiles. Enhanced monitoring, continued research on emerging factors, and translation of evidence into policies and community initiatives is recommended to mitigate environmental risks and promote cardiovascular health across Ondo State. Overall, the study demonstrates the utility of GIS mapping for investigating complex connections between environmental factors and health outcomes to guide informed prevention strategies.