Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Descriptive Study at Bogodogo University Hospital Center

Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a serious infection, often associated with severe complications. The objective of this study is to determine the resistance profile of S. aureus strains responsible for bacteremia at the Bogodogo University Hospital Center (Burkina Faso). Methodology: A prospective descriptive study was conducted from January to December 2024 at the bacteriology-virology laboratory of the University Hospital Center. Blood cultures positive for S. aureus were identified using phenotypic methods (morphology, catalase, coagulase, API Staph® gallery). Antibiotic sensitivity was assessed by agar diffusion according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (2024). Results: Of 258 positive blood culture isolates, S. aureus accounted for 38 cases (14.7%). The mean age of patients was 42 ± 24 years, with a predominance of females (61%). The infectious diseases department was the most affected (39.5%). Thirty-one strains (81.5%) were penicillinase-producing. The rate of resistance to cefoxitin was 63.1%. Five isolates (13.1%) expressed a Macrolide Lincosamide Streptogramin B phenotype. Four strains (10.5%) exhibited a Kanamycin Tobramycin phenotype and three (7.9%) exhibited a Kanamycin Tobramycin Gentamicin phenotype. Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of MRSA and a worrying level of multidrug resistance among S. aureus isolates at Bogodogo University Hospital. These results highlight the need to strengthen preventive measures, continuously monitor bacterial resistance, and rationally adapt treatment strategies.