Spectrum of Renal Diseases in Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi, Nigeria

Abstract

Renal disease constitute an enormous health burden globally and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the spectrum of renal diseases admitted into the medical wards of a new teaching hospital – Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a retrospective analysis of patients admitted into the medical wards for renal diseases from January 2013 to December 2015. Results: A total of 1,147 patients were admitted of which 329 had renal disease. The mean age of the patients was 28.9 ± 11.4. The most prevalent renal diseases were chronic kidney disease (CKD) 147 (44.7%), acute kidney injury 104 (31.6%), HIV associated nephropathy 22 (6.7%) and obstructive uropathy 21 (6.4%). Others were urinary tract infections 18 (5.5%), nephrotic syndrome 12 (3.6%) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 5 (1.5%). Two hundred and fifty seven (78.1%) were discharged home, 15 (4.6%) were referred to other hospitals while 57 (17.3%) died. Conclusion: Renal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Makurdi, North Central Nigeria. This underscores an urgent need to institute measures for prevention and early detection of renal disease. This will help to improve outcome as well as reduce the burden of kidney disease.