Spatial Distribution of Land Degradation in Jamui District, Bihar, India: A Geospatial Analysis

Abstract

Land degradation has emerged as a critical environmental problem that affects agricultural productivity and rural livelihoods in many parts of India. The present study examines the spatial distribution of land degradation in Jamui district of Bihar using geospatial techniques. Satellite imagery, digital elevation models (DEM), and secondary data were integrated in a GIS environment to identify their spatial patterns. The results indicate that land degradation is unevenly distributed across the district. Results show that southern and south-western part of the district have high concentration of land degradation in comparison to other parts. The result shows that the high concentration of degraded land is strongly associated with terrain characteristics of the study area. It has been found that areas with steep slopes and sparse vegetation cover show higher levels of degradation. On the other hand, areas with plains demonstrate comparatively lower degradation levels. Moderate sheet erosion is most widespread problem in the Jamui district. Southern and south-western parts needs better management plans because topography is more uneven here and it is severely affected by soil & gully erosion. The study highlights the role of geospatial technology in monitoring land degradation. Present study will help policy makers and stakeholders in implementing sustainable developments projects.