Solving Delay Differential Equations Using Reformulated Block Backward Differentiation Formulae Methods

Abstract

In this paper, the conventional backward differentiation formulae methods for step numbers k = 3 and 4 were reformulated by shifting them one-step backward to produce two and three approximate solutions respectively, in a step when implemented in block form. The derivation of the continuous formulations of the reformulated methods were carried out through multistep collocation method by matrix inversion technique. The discrete schemes were deduced from their respective continuous formulations. The convergence analysis of the discrete schemes were discussed. The stability analysis of these schemes were ascertained and the P- and Q-stability were also investigated. When the discrete schemes were implemented in block form to solve some first order delay differential equations together with an accurate and efficient formula for the solution of the delay argument, it was observed that the results obtained from the schemes for step number k = 4 performed slightly better than the schemes for step number k = 3 when compared with the exact solutions. More so, on comparing these methods with some existing ones, it was observed that the methods derived performed better in terms of accuracy.