Soil Characteristics Across Various Landform Sequences in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

Abstract

The present study explores about soil Morphology and its Variations across Landform Sequences in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. To maintain soil productivity and prevent land degradation, scientifically managing soil resources is crucial, requiring precise and comprehensive land resource information. Vertisols make up the majority of the soils, according to the investigation. On hills, hill slopes and pediments, soils are moderately shallow due to severe erosion, with yellow-red hues (7.5 YR 5/3) indicating excessively-drained to somewhat excessive, sandy clay loam to gravelly clay textures. In the upper undulating, lower plain and alluvial plains, soils are moderately deep to very deep and influenced by sediment deposition with textures ranging from clay loam and clay and greyer hues (10YR 4/2) indicating waterlogging. Soil structure varies from medium, weak sub-angular blocky on hills to stronger blocky structures in lower, altered areas. Diagnostic horizons include a thick Ap horizon up to 25 cm in the pediment, a Bt horizon up to 24 cm in upper undulating and a well-developed Bw horizon in alluvial plains, reflecting stages of pedogenesis. Overall, the study highlights the complex interactions between topography, hydrology and soil properties across the Bilaspur region.