Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Living with HIV in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
E. N. Onu, E. A. Obaji, M. E. Okoi, C. E. Orji, C. O. Akpa, C. Okafor, I. Okoroafor
International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health · pp. 109–119 · Published 13 Jul 2026
10.9734/ijtdh/2026/v47i71766Abstract
The study investigated the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among 274 HIV-positive pregnant women at Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital in Ebonyi State. The screening, performed using standard serological methods, revealed an overall seroprevalence of 30.7%, with IgM antibodies found in 22.6% and IgG in 8.1%. The ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 50 years, with the highest IgM seroprevalence of 10.9% found in women aged 31-40 and IgG seroprevalence of 4.8% in those aged 18-30. Significant associations were noted between T. gondii infection and regular contact with cats and kittens (P < 0.05). The high prevalence of both chronic (8.1%) and acute infections indicates potential risks for maternal and fetal complications. The findings emphasize the necessity for routine screening and antenatal care for T. gondii in HIV-positive pregnant women to facilitate early intervention and mitigate morbidity and mortality associated with the infection.
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