Selected haematological markers and C-reactive protein, not AGTR1 SNP, are associated with essential hypertension in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya
Amos Mbaabu, Caroline Mangare, Collins Wangulu, Amos Mbugua
Asian Journal of Medicine and Health · pp. 22–34 · Published 20 Jul 2023
10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i10875Abstract
Background: Essential Hypertension (EH) accounts for majority of hypertension cases globally. Genetic factors along with haematological and biochemical changes may underlie EH and these have not been well studied in Kenya. A meta-analysis in African populations (excluding East Africa) identified the 1166A>C (rs5186) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) that encodes the angiotensin II type 1 receptor as likely to predispose some Africans to hypertension. Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine whether the AGTR1 (rs5186) mutation, C-reactive protein (CRP) and selected haematological biomarkers may be associated with the onset of EH in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya). Study Design: A case control study design was adopted. Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted from March to July 2022 at Chuka County Referral Hospital in Tharaka Nithi County. Methodology: A total of 272 participants, both hypertensive and normotensive, were recruited and blood samples obtained. DNA was extracted and analyzed by PCR RFLP. Independent T-test, Mann Whitney U test and Odds ratios were used to compare the two groups. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Median values for Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), C-reactive Protein (CRP) and mean values for Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher (P < .001) in hypertensive group compared to normotensive individuals. Mean Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) was not significantly different between cases and controls. (P=.519) There was no significant association between the AGTR1 1166A>C (rs5186) SNP frequency and EH in both groups (P=0.6236, OR=0.4952(95%CI:0.0442-5.5456) Conclusion: The AGTR1 (rs5186) SNP is not associated with EH in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. EH is associated with elevated levels of CRP, RDW, MPV and NLR in the absence of other inflammatory and chronic diseases. Further studies of the genetics of hypertension in Kenya need to be conducted.
References (27)
- 1 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in the Community [DOI]
- 2 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in the Community [DOI]
- 3 Multiple Biomarkers and the Risk of Incident Hypertension [DOI]
- 4 Blood Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Hypertension [DOI]
- 5 Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and their determinants: results from a national survey in Kenya [DOI]
- 6 Association of hematocrit with blood pressure and hypertension [DOI]
- 7 hs-CRP: A potential marker for hypertension in Kashmiri population [DOI]
- 8 Association of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (A1166C) Gene Polymorphism and Its Increased Expression in Essential Hypertension: A Case-Control Study [DOI]
- 9 Renin-angiotensin system polymorphisms in relation to hypertension status and obesity in a Tunisian population [DOI]
- 10 Plasma Inflammatory Markers and the Risk of Developing Hypertension in Men [DOI]
- 11 Renin‐Angiotensin System Genes Polymorphisms and Essential Hypertension in Burkina Faso, West Africa [DOI]
- 12 Circulating blood biomarkers in essential hypertension: a literature review [DOI]
- 13 Association of AT1R polymorphism with hypertension risk: An update meta-analysis based on 28,952 subjects [DOI]
- 14 Genetic factors contributing to hypertension in African‐based populations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis [DOI]
- 15 The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on admission is a good predictor for all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients over 80 years of age [DOI]
- 16 The association between red cell distribution width and incident hypertension in Korean adults [DOI]
- 17 Analysis of Association of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Gene A1166C Gene Polymorphism with Essential Hypertension [DOI]
- 18 A comparative cross-sectional study of some hematological parameters of hypertensive and normotensive individuals at the university of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia [DOI]
- 19 A comparative study of hematological parameters between hypertensive and normotensive individuals in Harar, eastern Ethiopia [DOI]
- 20 The association between angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension: a meta-analysis [DOI]
- 21 Evaluation of hemorheological parameters and red cell morphology in hypertension.
- 22 Angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in Calabar and Uyo cities, Nigeria [DOI]
- 23 Genetic forms and pathophysiology of essential arterial hypertension in minor indigenous peoples of Russia [DOI]
- 24 Biomarkers in essential hypertension [DOI]
- 25 Differential expression of the angiotensin receptors (AT1, AT2, and AT4) in the placental bed of HIV-infected preeclamptic women of African ancestry [DOI]
- 26 Inflammatory biomarkers and their correlates among hypertensive population in two tertiary hospitals in Sokoto, Nigeria [DOI]
- 27 C-Reactive protein in hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor: A prospective observational study [DOI]
Cited by 4
E. I. Obeagu · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · 2025
Laxmi, Pougang Golmei, Shriyansh Srivastava · European Journal of Pharmacology · 2024
Showing 2 of 4 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- Evaluation of Hematological Parameter, Glycemic Status and Risk Factors Responsible for Neonatal Septicemia and Bacterial agents Causing Neonatal Sepsis in Chittagong, Bangladesh — shares topic coverage
- Effectiveness of Presepsin Examination in Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis Compared to CRP, hsCRP, MPV, I:T Ratio, NLR, and Pre-Analytical Factors — shares topic coverage
- C-Reactive Protein Levels and Hypertension in HIV Infected Children on Highly Anti-retroviral Therapy at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- Role of Serum C-Reactive Protein in Improving the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Modified Alvarado Score in Patients with Suspected Acute Appendicitis: A Cross-sectional Study — shares topic coverage
- Haemato-biochemical Alterations and Significance of Prognostic Indicators in Dogs with Canine Parvoviral Infection — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
47
Page views
0
PDF downloads
16
Outbound clicks
4
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.