Role of Molecular Markers in Identification and Characterization of Chickpea Variety

Abstract

Chickpea is the second most significant legume grain, growing in 14.80 mhs regions all over the world. It contributes roughly 14.24 million people to the global food basket each year. Desi and Kabuli chickpeas are widely grown in India, and both cultivars have distinct physiochemical characteristics such as seed size and shape, hydration capacity, coat thickness, and protein content. The genetic basis of chickpea cultivars has been limited as a result of agricultural techniques. Molecular markers, on the other hand, have proven to be useful tools for accurate quantification and characterisation within plant species. Markers can be an excellent way to improve chickpeas quantitatively because they are a high source of protein and constitute 80% of total dry weight. Markers such as RAPD (Random amplified polymeric DNA), SSR (Single sequence repeat), AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) and ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat) have aided in improving breeding efficiency and thus promoting the generation of new species, as well as increasing yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. The goal of this review article is to understand the role of various molecular markers in identification, characterization and to know the role of molecular marker how to improve the chickpea variety.