Influence of Different Organic Manure Sources on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Ground Nut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Semi-Arid Conditions of Sudan

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan, between July and October 2025. The study aimed to assess the effects of different sources of organic manure on the growth, yield and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under semi-arid conditions.Five treatments were assessed: farmyard manure, poultry manure, sheep manure, goat manure and a control without manure. The treatments were arranged in a randomised complete block design with four replications, and each manure source was applied at 15 ton/ha. Growth, yield and quality traits were measured, including plant height, branches, leaves, nodules, dry weight, pods, kernels, 100-kernel weight, harvest index, shelling percentage, pod yield, kernel yield, haulm yield, oil content and protein content. The results showed significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments for most studied traits. Organic manure treatments improved growth, yield and quality attributes compared with the control. Poultry manure produced the highest values for plant height (44.21 cm), pod yield (2.11 ton/ha), kernel yield (1.87 ton/ha), haulm yield (4.78 ton/ha), oil content (51.89%) and protein content (25.81%). The control recorded the lowest corresponding values. The findings indicate that partially decomposed poultry manure at 15 ton/ha can improve groundnut performance under the study conditions.