Conventional and Nano-Based Therapy against Chronic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases

Abstract

Structural or functional damage to cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems emerging from immunologically competent cells or antibodies against a normal component of the host body may lead to autoimmune disorder or diseases. There are about 152 autoimmune diseases classified till now by American Autoimmune Related Disease Association. Current research investigators are more focused on certain autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, celiac disease, Sjögren's syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, type-1 diabetes, alopecia areata, vasculitis and temporal arteritis. Chronic inflammation is a common link among most of the autoimmune disorder, but the exact link is not clear. Therefore an effective cure for the disease could not be developed. The conventional therapeutics available is steadily getting constrained because of the development resistance. Present therapeutic shows some limitations such as unidirectional, unspecific and resistance with specific side-effect. With the present advancement in science and technology, it is now possible to alienate the present constraints offered by the present conventional therapeutics by the application of biocompatible, biodegradable nano-formulated drug delivery system. Therefore the intention of this mini-review is to provide a base knowledge about the relationship of autoimmune diseases with inflammation as well as the efficiency of the conventional and nanotechnology-based therapy.