Psychosocial and Demographic Correlates of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among In-School Adolescents in Gboko LGA, Benue State

Abstract

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant public health issue prevalent during adolescence, serving primarily as a maladaptive coping mechanism for psychological distress. While its correlates are well-documented in Western contexts, a critical gap exists in understanding these factors within specific Nigerian socio-cultural settings. This study investigates the under-researched psychosocial and demographic correlates of NSSI among in-school adolescents in Gboko LGA, Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: To achieve its stated goals, this study used a correlational research methodology.            All secondary school pupils enrolled in Gboko LGA made up the target population. The Psychosocial and Demographic Correlates of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among In-School Adolescents Questionnaire (PDCNSAIAQ) was used to gather information from 420 in-school adolescents. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Point-biserial correlation was used to analyze research question one, and frequencies and percentages were used to analyze research question two. Hypotheses were analysed using the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Findings showed that in-school adolescents aged ≥20years (19.3%) engaged in NSSI behaviours than those aged 15 -19years (9.7%). The Table also shows that male in-school adolescents (12.1%) engaged in NSSI behaviours more than females (11.8%). In addition, in-school adolescents in JSS 2 (13.3%) engaged in NSSI behaviours more than those in JSS 1 (11.6%), SS 2 (10.5%) and SS 1 (9.8%). Conclusion: This study provided a roadmap for public health education to address NSSI behaviours among adolescents. By focusing on mental health literacy, family support, gender-sensitive approaches, and socio-environmental interventions, public health educators can play a pivotal role in reducing the prevalence of NSSI and improving the mental health outcomes of adolescents in Gboko LGA and beyond. The study recommended that schools should ensure that health education and counselling services are developed to specifically address the emotional suppression often expected of males and the unique pressures faced by females in single-gender settings