Profile Characteristics of Tribal Millet Growers in Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

Millets play a crucial role in the livelihoods and food systems of tribal and mountainous areas, especially among farmers with limited resources in Madhya Pradesh. This research sought to evaluate the socio-economic characteristics and knowledge levels of tribal millet farmers concerning the processing and value addition of minor millets. A total of 734 participants (367 men and 367 women) were surveyed from eight strategically chosen villages in the Mandla and Dindori districts. Most participants, 63.22% of men and 61.31% of women, were in the middle-age (36-50 years), with primary education being the most prevalent among women (27.52%) and men (20.16%). A majority, 63.76%, had medium-sized families and were mainly involved in agriculture and labour (42.51%). Regarding land ownership, 39.51%  were small-scale farmers, and 71.66% had a medium-sized area (0.7-2.5 ha) dedicated to millet cultivation. An annual income classified as medium (₹39,521–₹91,195) was reported by 70.03% of the respondents. Kodo and Kutki were jointly cultivated by 69.48% of the farmers. In terms of awareness, 66.76% of men and 64.31% of women demonstrated a moderate level of awareness about processing and value addition, although traditional methods were prevalent among 92.37%. Knowledge levels were also moderate for the majority, with 68.39% of men and 67.03% of women.