Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Secondary Health Hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most frequently acquired infections in both community and hospitals and is common among the adolescents and the old genders. Aim: To determine the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria among pregnant women attending secondary health hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria Study Design: An experimental study which involve a random selection of consented pregnant women. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State University Malete between January 2018 and June 2019. Methodology: In this study, a total of 856 pregnant women mid stream clean catch early morning voided urine samples for two consecutive days (383 of the samples were collected from Sobi Specialist Hospital, 278 from Adewole Cottage Hospital and 195 collected from Ajikobi Cottage Hospital) were randomly screened for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria using standard microbiological procedures such as growth on mannitol salt agar, Gram reaction, catalase and coagulase tests. The Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile of S. aureus isolated using oxoid antibiotic discs. Results: Out of 856 samples screened 56 samples (6.5%) showed significant Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria, 16- 25 years  has a prevalence rate of 5.6%, 26- 35 years (5.8%) while 35-45 years have the  prevalence rate of 10.9%. A total of 7 (12.5%) methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. Antibiotic sensitivity profile shows that 26.8% were resistance to gentamicin, 44.6% to tetracycline, 19.6% to chloramphenicol, 33.9 % to erythromycin, 67.9% to amoxicillin, 32% to augmentin, 12.6% to ceftriaxone, 5.3% to ciprofloxacin and 100% susceptibility to both nitrofurantoin and vancomycin. Conclusion: The study shows the high prevalence of MRSA and high susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and vancomycin to all the MRSA isolated.