Potential Impacts of Climate Change Using Long-Term Historical Climate Data on Evapotranspiration (ET) and Groundwater Contribution to Wheat and Cotton Crop
Nazar Gul, Hafiz Abdul Salam, Muhammad Ashraf
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · pp. 142–159 · Published 29 Apr 2023
10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i71861Abstract
Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on crop evapotranspiration (ET), groundwater contribution (GWC) towards meeting ET and yield is crucial in allocating water resources particularly in the areas where shallow water-table depths (WTDs) are expanding on larger area. The impact of climate change on crop ET and yield has been evaluated in the past by indirect methods using simulation models. However, those models are lacking the function of GWC which is one of the most important parameters while determining ET at different water-table depths (WTDs) and its impact on yield. Direct methods (without simulation models) using long term historical weather data (observed data) provide more accurate results of climate change impact on ET, GWC towards meeting ET and yield at different WTDs. In this study, long-term historical weather data for the last 34 years (1987-2020) and data obtained through lysimeteric studies were analyzed to examine the trends of climatic parameters, their relationship and impact on wheat and cotton ET, GWC to ET, yield and water use efficiency (WUE). These studies were carried out during 1986-1987 and 2017-2021 periods at 1.50 m, 2.25 m, and 2.75 m WTDs in Sultanpur soil series (silt loam textured) and Miani soil series (silty clay loam textured). The mean daily temperature has increased 0.45 oC and rainfall 75.5 mm/year over a period from 1987 to 2020 which is witnessing the climate change. Wheat ET is increased, GWC contribution to ET is decreased and, yield and WUE is highest during the cropping periods of 2017-2021 as compared to 1986-1987. Climate change has decreased cotton ET and GWC towards meeting ET. It has also reduced the wheat and cotton cropping cycles by 8 days and 21 days, respectively. Higher magnitude of rainfall (during July-September) in 2019 and 2020 resulted in reducing cotton average yield of 2017-2020 compared to 1987. The study demonstrates that irrigation allocation should be increased for wheat and decreased for cotton particularly in the shallow water-table areas under Sultanpur soil type where water-table remains at 1.50 m – 2.25 m depths. Moreover, cotton crop should be cultivated by the 1st week of April, so that highest yield of cotton could be harvested before onset of monsoon.
References (22)
- 1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [DOI]
- 2 Rice yields decline with higher night temperature from global warming [DOI]
- 3 Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements
- 4 The impact of climate change on smallholder and subsistence agriculture [DOI]
- 5 'Haying-off', the negative grain yield response of dryland wheat to nitrogen fertiliser. I. Biomass, grain yield, and water use [DOI]
- 6 Reciprocal influence of crops and shallow ground water in sandy landscapes of the Inland Pampas [DOI]
- 7 Assessing the impact of global climate changes on irrigated wheat yields and water requirements in a semi-arid environment of Morocco [DOI]
- 8 Impact of Climate Warming on Cotton Growth and Yields in China and Pakistan: A Regional Perspective [DOI]
- 9 Intercellular CO_2 Concentration and Stomatal Response to CO_2
- 10 On the dynamics of canopy resistance: Generalized linear estimation and relationships with primary micrometeorological variables [DOI]
- 11 EFFECT OF SOWING TIME AND PLANT SPACING ON FIBER QUALITY AND SEED COTTON YIELD
- 12 Causes of decreased reference evapotranspiration and pan evaporation in the Jinghe River catchment, northern China [DOI]
- 13 Effect of Organic Manure and Mineral Fertilizers on Wheat Growth and Soil Properties [DOI]
- 14 Soil and Water Relationships
- 15 Impact of Climate Change on Cotton Production in Pakistan: An ARDL Bound Testing Approach [DOI]
- 16 Climate Change Impact on Wheat Yield in Pakistan (An Application of ARDL Approach) [DOI]
- 17 Climate change impact on the estimation of reference evapotranspiration, water requirement, and irrigation requirement in irrigated areas (a case study: Bardsir plain) [DOI]
- 18 Response of Winter Wheat Production to Climate Change in Ziway Lake Basin [DOI]
- 19 Assessing the Effect of Different Water Table Depths on Water Use, Yield and Water Productivity of the Okra Crop [DOI]
- 20 Assessing the Effect of Different Water Table Depths on Water Use, Yield and Water Productivity of the Okra Crop [DOI]
- 21 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [DOI]
- 22 Analysing the Impact of Climate Change on Cotton Productivity in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan [DOI]
Cited by 13
Chanchal Chanchal, Rakesh Sharma, Harsh Bhushan · Agriculture Association of Textile Chemical and Critical Reviews · 2025
Ankur Sharma, Prajakta Prabhakar Surkar, Ruchi Khare · Water Resources Management · 2024
Nazar Gul, Munir Ahmed Mangrio, Irfan Ahmed Shaikh · Agricultural Water Management · 2024
Ruili Yang, Yonghao Sha, Yenan Li · Land Degradation & Development · 2025
Showing 4 of 13 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- Indoor Air Quality in Benghazi’s Hospitals and Its Impact among Patients — shares topic coverage
- Isolation and Identification of Microbial Deteriogens of Fresh Tomatoes Stored at Ambient Temperature — shares topic coverage
- Microbiological Quality and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Microorganisms Associated with Stored Vegetables in Port Harcourt — shares topic coverage
- Characterisation of Some Selected Bacterial Isolates from Vegetable Oil Contaminated Soil — shares topic coverage
- Isolation and Enzymatic Activity of Thermo-tolerant Bacteria from Waste Dumpsites in Umudikeand Environs — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
6
Page views
0
PDF downloads
0
Outbound clicks
13
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.