Perception about the Effectiveness of Community-Based Coping Mechanisms in Disaster Risk Management: Evidence from Flood-Prone Areas of Jamalpur District, Bangladesh

Abstract

This study examined the effectiveness of community-based coping mechanisms in disaster risk management (DRM), with particular emphasis on community participation, social connectivity and integration, and the activities of community-based organizations (CBOs) during different disaster phases. The study was conducted in Bakshiganj Upazila, Jamalpur District, Bangladesh. A total of 390 respondents were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Six focus group discussions were also conducted to collect qualitative data on the level and nature of community participation in disaster-related activities. The results showed that community involvement in disseminating early-warning information was effective in facilitating evacuation, reducing property damage, and saving lives. Community participation in search and rescue, first aid, psychological support, agricultural rehabilitation, and relief distribution also helped to minimize health risks, physical injuries, psychological trauma, and agricultural losses. These interventions contributed to livelihood recovery, post-disaster rehabilitation, and the restoration of normality. The study further indicated that strong social relationships, physical connectivity, and the active involvement of CBOs across all phases of disaster management were effective in mitigating disaster risks. The study therefore recommends strengthening community resilience through relevant training, crop diversification, livelihood diversification, and the inclusion of community-based DRM strategies in national development policies. Greater policy attention and institutional and infrastructural support are also needed for flood-affected communities.