Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus: Unravelling the Intricate Connection: A Comprehensive Review

Nadeem Rais, Akash Ved, Rizwan Ahmad, Aashna Parveen

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International · pp. 13–30 · Published 31 Jan 2024

10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17493

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is often associated with oxidative stress (OS), which is defined as an imbalance between the body's antioxidant defense systems and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). OS serves as a crucial factor in the intricate relationship between DM and cellular dysfunction, influencing the generation of ROS and subsequent DM complications such as retinopathy, cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, encephalopathy, and peripheral arteriopathy. Objective: This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the complex interplay between OS and DM, providing a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms and highlighting emerging therapeutic interventions for the management of OS-related complications in DM. It also explores novel antioxidant-based therapies aiming at specific OS markers and developing personalized interventions, which represents a promising avenue for enhancing treatment efficacy in DM. Method: The search was conducted on scientific databases and web portals such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, EBSCO, DOAJ, etc. Conclusion: In conclusion, OS and DM are related through a dynamic and intricate interaction involving genetic, molecular, and environmental variables. Interdisciplinary approaches hold the potential to uncover novel biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and oriented therapeutic interventions, thereby revolutionizing the clinical management of DM-related complications. With research continuing to advance and customized treatments being more widely incorporated into clinical practice, there is hope that the impact of OS-related DM complications will be significantly mitigated in the future. Despite notable progress, certain unexplored facets necessitate deeper investigations into the precise mechanisms through which OS exacerbates the progression of DM.

Oxidative stress diabetes mellitus reactive oxygen species insulin resistance diabetic complications

Cited by 14

Synergism of Synthetic Sulfonamides and Natural Antioxidants for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Oxidative Stress

Ancuța Dinu (Iacob), Luminita-Georgeta Confederat, Ionut Dragostin · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · 2025

Linking oxidative stress biomarkers to disease progression and antioxidant therapy in hypertension and diabetes mellitus

Alberto J. Nuñez-Selles, Rodolfo A. Nuñez-Musa, Rafael A. Guillen-Marmolejos · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · 2025

Effect of Boswellia gum and cinnamaldehyde on diabetes induced in male albino rats

Mustafa Elbadrawy, Ghada Tabl, Eman El-Nahass · Biobacta Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · 2025

Gene expression analysis of diabetic foot ulcers reveals the potential impact of Levofloxacin on wound healing

Nazia Hassan, Amber Ilyas, Muhammad Farooq Memon · Scientific Reports · 2025

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Coriander Seed Powder on Serum Lipid Profile, Glycemic Indices, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Sanaz Zamany, Ali Barzegar, Baharak Aghapour · Preventive Nutrition and Food Science · 2025

Effects of crude polysaccharides from Coix seeds fermented by Limosilactobacillus reuteri on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice

Jingjing Wang, Zhoujie Yang, Huaiqiang Zhang · Journal of Functional Foods · 2026

Advancing diabetic foot ulcer therapy: structure–activity relationship approaches for combating reactive oxygen species

Manish Kaushik, Aditi Kaushik, Bhupendra Koul · Molecular Biology Reports · 2025

Efficacy of Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Insulin Administration and Technological Advances in Diabetes Mellitus: Review

Hossamaldeen Bakrey, Mazin Aboobaida Abdalla Abdelaziz, Fatehalrahman Faris Magbool · AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025

Novel Imidazole–Chromen‐2‐One Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation as Potential Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Agents

Mariam A. Al‐sheikh · ChemistrySelect · 2026

A Comparative Study of the Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of Fermented Camel (Camelus dromedarius) and Gir Cow (Bos primigenius indicus) Milk and the Production of Bioactive Peptides via In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Brijesh Bhuva, Bethsheba Basaiawmoit, Amar A. Sakure · Fermentation · 2025

Showing 13 of 14 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

16

Page views

0

PDF downloads

1

Outbound clicks

14

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.