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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Optimizing Land Configuration and Seed Rate for Enhanced Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Semi-arid Regions

Satyajeet, Navish Kumar, Jitender Kumar, Mehak Nagora, Amarjeet Nibhoria, Dhram Prakash

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · pp. 323–331 · Published 17 Apr 2025

10.9734/ijecc/2025/v15i44813

Abstract

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is a vital oilseed crop in semi-arid regions, where water scarcity and suboptimal agronomic practices limit productivity. A two-year (2022–24) study assessed 15 treatment combinations in a factorial randomized block design, testing five land configurations and three seed rates under rainfed conditions. Pooled data revealed that Broad Bed (60 cm) achieved the highest seed yield (19.71 q ha⁻¹) and oil yield, attributed to improved moisture conservation and root aeration, while a seed rate of 3.750 kg ha⁻¹ maximized plant density and economic returns (₹ 80,465 ha⁻¹, B: C 3.59). This system also enhanced rainwater use efficiency (19.66 kg ha⁻¹-mm⁻¹) and energy output ratios. The findings advocate for Broad Bed (60 cm) with reduced seed rates as a sustainable strategy to boost mustard productivity in water-limited environments.

Indian mustard land configuration seed rate yield quality economics energy

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